[ANDALUCÍA] Examen resuelto de Selectividad de Inglés (Acceso) de junio de 2024

[ANDALUCÍA] Examen resuelto de Selectividad de Inglés (Acceso) de junio de 2024

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El examen de Lengua Extranjera [Inglés] (Acceso) de la convocatoria ordinaria de Selectividad en Andalucía ha contado con 2 textos:

Con la ayuda de la Inteligencia Artificial hemos respondido a las diferentes preguntas del examen.

TEXTO 1. YOUNG PEOPLE´S SCREEN TIME

As we can attest from firsthand experience, regular TV viewership has been decreasing as streaming services like Netflix are becoming increasingly popular. The amount of time kids and teens spend watching TV has dropped. In 2013, young people spent an average of 3 hours per day in front of the television screen; today, it’s an hour and 12 minutes. So, have youth reduced their screen time? Not really. Studies show that they have rather traded the TV screen for their phone and laptop. Now the average youth watches 97 minutes of YouTube and 95 minutes of TikTok per day.

A few years ago, two Oxford researchers captured the media’s attention by concluding that screen time was as bad for teen mental health as… potatoes! Their paper even stated that social media had no psychological negative effects. However, most evidence points to the contrary. Two Spanish researchers argued that the Oxford study’s conclusions were «extremely misleading,» after they found that the use of social media was strongly linked to mental health issues, while TV and gaming were only weakly related. Other studies confirmed this and added that the worst effects impacted girls 50% more than boys.

It’s time to abandon the idea that screen time doesn’t matter for mental health. It does. It’s just that some screen time matters more than others. Social media seems the most problematic. For practical purposes, that’s good news. Parents, policymakers, and teens themselves don’t need to consider giving up technology; instead, they can focus on cutting back on social media time.

There are other ways teens can stay in touch with friends virtually, like texting, gaming together or meeting on FaceTime or Zoom.

CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C or D). (0.5 points each)

  1. According to the text, young people today…
    (a) watch Netflix more than other age groups.
    (b) use multiple devices for entertainment.
    (c) prefer regular television to YouTube.
    (d) only watch content online.

    Explicación: El texto menciona que los jóvenes han cambiado el tiempo frente a la televisión por el uso de teléfonos y portátiles, viendo YouTube y TikTok, lo que indica que usan múltiples dispositivos para el entretenimiento.
  2. The Oxford research on social media…
    (a) was contradicted by several researchers.
    (b) showed it harmed girls more than boys.
    (c) is supported by extensive data.
    (d) went unnoticed in the press.

    Explicación: El texto dice que dos investigadores españoles argumentaron que las conclusiones del estudio de Oxford eran «extremadamente engañosas» y que la mayoría de las evidencias apuntaban en sentido contrario, lo que indica que el estudio de Oxford fue contradicho por otros investigadores.

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

  1. People watch less conventional TV than they used to.
  2. Spanish researchers studied the effect of videogames on young people.
  3. The author is emphatic that screen devices have an unquestionable psychological impact.
  4. The author suggests that adolescents should avoid interacting with friends online.

Respuestas:

  1. People watch less conventional TV than they used to.
    • True.
    • Justificación: El texto menciona: «The amount of time kids and teens spend watching TV has dropped. In 2013, young people spent an average of 3 hours per day in front of the television screen; today, it’s an hour and 12 minutes.»
  2. Spanish researchers studied the effect of videogames on young people.
    • False.
    • Justificación: El texto dice: «Two Spanish researchers argued that the Oxford study’s conclusions were ‘extremely misleading,’ after they found that the use of social media was strongly linked to mental health issues.» No menciona que estudiaran el efecto de los videojuegos.
  3. The author is emphatic that screen devices have an unquestionable psychological impact.
    • False.
    • Justificación: El texto dice: «It’s time to abandon the idea that screen time doesn’t matter for mental health. It does. It’s just that some screen time matters more than others.» Esto sugiere que el impacto depende del tipo de tiempo frente a la pantalla, no que todos los dispositivos de pantalla tengan un impacto psicológico indiscutible.
  4. The author suggests that adolescents should avoid interacting with friends online.
    • False.
    • Justificación: El texto dice: «There are other ways teens can stay in touch with friends virtually, like texting, gaming together or meeting on FaceTime or Zoom.» Esto indica que no sugiere evitar la interacción en línea, sino que hay formas alternativas de mantenerse en contacto.

7. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR: «change» (verb)
7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR: «audience» (noun)

Respuestas:

7.1. ONE SYNONYM FOR: «change» (verb)

  • Synonym: «traded»
  • Justificación: En el texto se menciona: «Studies show that they have rather traded the TV screen for their phone and laptop.» Aquí, «traded» se usa en el sentido de cambiar una cosa por otra.

7.2. ONE SYNONYM FOR: «audience» (noun)

  • Synonym: «viewership»
  • Justificación: El texto dice: «regular TV viewership has been decreasing as streaming services like Netflix are becoming increasingly popular.» Aquí, «viewership» se refiere a la audiencia que ve la televisión.

8. FIND IN THE TEXT: (0.5 points)
8.1. ONE WORD MEANING: «someone responsible for making new rules, laws, etc.»
8.2. ONE WORD MEANING: «to send a message from one mobile phone to another.»

Respuestas:

8.1. ONE WORD MEANING: «someone responsible for making new rules, laws, etc.»

  • Word: «policymakers»
  • Justificación: En el texto se menciona: «Parents, policymakers, and teens themselves don’t need to consider giving up technology; instead, they can focus on cutting back on social media time.» Aquí, «policymakers» se refiere a las personas responsables de crear nuevas políticas, reglas y leyes.

8.2. ONE WORD MEANING: «to send a message from one mobile phone to another.»

  • Word: «texting»
  • Justificación: El texto dice: «There are other ways teens can stay in touch with friends virtually, like texting, gaming together or meeting on FaceTime or Zoom.» Aquí, «texting» se refiere a enviar mensajes de un teléfono móvil a otro.

TEXT 2: CHARLES DICKENS

Charles Dickens is one of the greatest writers in English literature. His stories such as Great Expectations and Oliver Twist continue to shape the way in which we understand nineteenth-century England.

Forget the idea that Dickens was always a rich, benevolent gentleman. His family moved around a lot in Dickens’s youth, from Portsmouth to Kent, and from there to London. Dickens’s father was getting deeper and deeper into debt, and the family were literally running away from their creditors. When he was 12, Dickens was sent to live with a family friend to avoid creditors.

He chose publishing as his job, Dickens thought of becoming an actor—actors being seen as no better than thieves. Also, the middle-class disapproved of her association with an aspiring actor.

Once he was a famous writer, Dickens became a well-known philanthropist who committed himself to many charities, particularly those related to child poverty and education. On the same website notice, Dickens was also the editor of magazines that, at popular prices, brought literature to everybody.

However, child labor and poor working conditions are two recurrent themes in Dickens’s work. He wrote about children abandoned in the street or sent to work in factories.

Dickens wrote A Christmas Carol rapidly, taking just six weeks from beginning to end. He was forced to pay half the publication costs himself as his publishers failed to see the value of a Christmas story. Ironically, it’s never been out of print since its publication in 1843 and it’s been considered one of Dickens’s finest literary accomplishments, as well as an inspiration for numerous films.

COMPREHENSION (4 points)

CHOOSE AND WRITE THE CORRECT OPTION (A, B, C, OR D). (0.5 points each)

  1. According to the text, young people today… a) watch more than other age groups. b) prefer reality television to YouTube. c) use multiple devices for entertainment. d) only watch content online.
  2. The Oxford research on social media… a) was contradicted by several researchers. b) is supported by extensive data. c) showed it harmed girls more than boys. d) went unnoticed in the press.

Respuestas:

According to the text, Dickens…

  • a) always had a comfortable life.
  • b) chose acting as his final career.
  • c) avoided helping others.
  • d) experienced financial instability in his youth.

Respuesta correcta: d) experienced financial instability in his youth.

Justificación: El texto menciona que la familia de Dickens «were literally running away from their creditors» y que fue enviado a vivir con un amigo de la familia para evitar a los acreedores.

Dickens’s work often included themes related to…

  • a) wealthy lifestyles.
  • b) child labor and poor working conditions.
  • c) success in the acting industry.
  • d) financial prosperity.

Respuesta correcta: b) child labor and poor working conditions.

Justificación: El texto menciona que «child labor and poor working conditions are two recurrent themes in Dickens’s work.»

ARE THESE STATEMENTS TRUE OR FALSE? JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS WITH THE PRECISE WORDS OR PHRASES FROM THE TEXT, OR USE YOUR OWN WORDS. (0.5 points each)

  1. People watch less conventional TV than they used to.
  2. Spanish researchers studied the effect of videogames on young people.
  3. The author is emphatic that screen devices have an unquestionable psychological impact.
  4. The author suggests that adolescents should avoid interacting with friends online.

Respuestas:

Charles Dickens had a comfortable and stable childhood.

  • False.
  • Justificación: El texto menciona que «His family moved around a lot in Dickens’s youth, from Portsmouth to Kent, and from there to London. Dickens’s father was getting deeper and deeper into debt, and the family were literally running away from their creditors.» Esto indica que su infancia no fue cómoda ni estable.

Dickens always wanted to be a writer and never considered any other career.

  • False.
  • Justificación: El texto dice que «Dickens thought of becoming an actor—actors being seen as no better than thieves.» Esto muestra que consideró ser actor antes de decidirse por la escritura.

Child labor and poor working conditions are common themes in Dickens’s work.

  • True.
  • Justificación: El texto afirma que «child labor and poor working conditions are two recurrent themes in Dickens’s work.»

A Christmas Carol was an immediate and unquestionable success upon its publication.

  • False.
  • Justificación: El texto menciona que «He was forced to pay half the publication costs himself as his publishers failed to see the value of a Christmas story.» Aunque después fue muy exitoso, inicialmente no se consideró valioso por sus editores.

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